Simultaneous Bilateral Implantation of Ex-Press Glaucoma Shunt for Secondary Glaucoma Treatment Due to Axenfeld-Rieger Syndrome: A Case Report

Axenfeld-Rieger Syndrome (ARS) is a rare genetic disease affecting multiple organ systems. In the eye, it can be manifested with varying degrees of anterior segment dysgenesis and it carries a high risk of glaucoma [1]. Recent advantages in molecular genetics have identified two major genes, PITX2 and FOXC1, demonstrating a wide spectrum of mutations, which aids in the molecular diagnosis of the disease, although evidence exists to implicate other loci in this condition [2]. The management of individuals affected by Axenfeld-Rieger syndrome requires a multidisciplinary approach and would include dedicated surveillance and management of glaucoma, sensorineural hearing loss, and cardiac, endocrinological, craniofacial and orthopaedic abnormalities.